Count the Legs: What Software Testing Teaches Us About Trusting AI

Written by:
Anna Chernova

October 26, 2026

blog

Key insights from “AI Can Make Mistakes,” presented by Anna Chernova, Software Development Engineer in Test at Ingage Partners.

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Artificial intelligence is helping software teams accelerate development, automate repetitive tasks, and improve productivity. But as AI becomes more integrated into everyday workflows, an important question remains: How do we know when we can trust its output?

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At MomentumDevCon 2026, Anna Chernova, Software Development Engineer in Test (SDET) at Ingage Partners, presented AI Can Make Mistakes, exploring how seemingly accurate AI-generated results can introduce unexpected errors and what development teams can do to catch them.

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Through examples from her testing experience, industry research, and AI-generated content, Anna shared practical insights into maintaining software quality as AI becomes a larger part of the development process.

When AI Gets the Details Wrong

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Anna shared several examples illustrating how AI can produce convincing results while quietly introducing inaccuracies.

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In one claims-processing workflow, AI was used to transfer customer information into a table. Although the process appeared successful, the system had modified unusual email addresses and phone numbers to match more familiar patterns.

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In another case, AI summarized student feedback from a software course. When students provided no response, the system generated positive feedback instead.

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Both examples highlight a critical concern: AI can produce polished, seemingly complete results without accurately preserving the underlying information.

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These risks become more significant in software development. Anna referenced research presented at USENIX Security 2025 that examined 16 code-generating models across 576,000 code samples. Approximately 19.7% of package recommendations referenced nonexistent packages.

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This behavior creates opportunities for slopsquatting, a software supply chain attack in which malicious actors register fabricated package names that AI tools might recommend to developers.

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Why Traditional Testing Still Matters

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AI-generated errors can be especially difficult to identify because they often appear reasonable within the surrounding context.

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Anna experienced this firsthand while using AI to update automated tests. She later discovered that a critical product price field had disappeared for certain product and filter combinations. More concerning, the tests that would have detected the issue had also been removed.

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Because the original task was unrelated to pricing, the changes were easy to overlook.

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The example demonstrates why AI-assisted development requires careful review of changes beyond the immediate task. A model may not recognize which functionality is business-critical unless those expectations are explicitly defined.

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Practical Ways to Strengthen AI Testing

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Anna emphasized that established software testing practices remain essential. Teams can build on those foundations with additional methods for evaluating AI behavior.

  • Maintain deterministic tests. Continue validating schemas, permissions, API contracts, data parsing, and business rules.
  • Build a golden dataset. Begin with 20–30 representative scenarios, including common use cases, edge cases, and previously identified failures. Run evaluations repeatedly to assess consistency.
  • Validate AI evaluators. Compare AI-generated assessments against human judgments, particularly for high-impact scenarios.
  • Review test coverage. Investigate tests removed or modified by AI, and consider mutation testing to verify whether existing tests detect defects.

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These practices help teams benefit from AI-assisted development while maintaining confidence in software quality.

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A Final Lesson: Count the Legs

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Anna concluded with an AI-generated cookie design featuring a cat. An AI evaluator approved the image, despite the cat having too many legs and an extra eye.

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The humorous example captured an important challenge: An AI system can produce an incorrect result, and another AI system can mistakenly approve it.

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As organizations integrate AI into development workflows, clear testing standards, meaningful human oversight, and continuous evaluation remain critical to delivering reliable software.

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Anna's closing advice captured it perfectly:

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Test the AI. Test the judge. Test the tests. And when everything passes, count the legs.

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